低轨航天器磁推进及其能力估算

针对地球空间磁场分布特点,提出可用于实现低轨航天器轨道维持、轨道变更的无质消耗推进技术。从基本的磁学理论出发,建立了带磁航天器在地球空间磁场中的飞行磁推力模型,阐述了通过航天器磁性获取无工质消耗连续推力的磁推进概念和原理,阐明了作用机理,提出了磁力矩解耦的磁力线追踪推力策略,给出了磁推进的能力包络和轨道高度保持与提升的典型估算结果。分析表明,当飞行体磁矩达到10⁶Am²量级以上时,可以有效用于600~1000km范围内轨道高度保持或提升。此外,文章还简要分析了实现高磁矩的技术可行性。     

倾角对涡旋压缩机运行特性影响的实验研究

针对空间蒸汽压缩热泵系统中压缩机的润滑问题,对不依赖重力回油的汽车涡旋压缩机进行改变倾角的实验,研究重力方向对涡旋压缩机及热泵系统运行的影响。结果表明压缩机在0°~360°范围内改变角度时,热泵系统均能正常工作;当吸热量为2500~3500W时,蒸发温度最大变化量为1.3℃,蒸发冷凝温差以及热泵系统性能系数（COP）的最大变化量分别为3.2%和6.3%,重力无关性较好。压缩机的性能与循环油量有关,本实验中压缩机在倒置的角度下,沉积的润滑油与冷却剂一起进入热泵系统参与循环,使其性能略有提高。     

机动目标的空间交会微分对策制导方法

针对目标机动情况,利用定量微分对策方法分析连续推力作用下的空间交会追逃微分对问题,提出用非线性规划求解该微分对策问题的方法,建立空间交会追逃微分对策的非线性规划模型,有效解决了机动目标空间交会微分对策模型高度非线性且难于利用经典最优控制理论进行求解的问题,实现了最优控制与对策论的结合,并通过数值仿真校验了该方法的有效性。     

The Experimental Satellite on Electro-magnetism Monitoring

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring (ESEM) was proposed in 2003 and proved in 2013 after 10-years' scientific demonstration. The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on. And coincide with the mission objectives, the satellite decides to use the Circular Sun Synchronous Orbit with an altitude of 507km and descending node time at 14:00LT. The payload assemble includes 8 instruments, Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occupation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter. According to the planned schedule, the satellite is due to be launched in 2016-2017 and will be onboard operated for 5 years.      

Strategic Priority Program on Space Science

In 1957, the launch of the first artificial satellite ushered in a new era for modern space science.The past 50 years' developments in China's space science have witnessed many major missions, and substantial progress has been achieved in space science study, exploration technology as well as experiment technology. Strategic Priority Program on Space Science was officially started in 2011. Through both self-developed space science missions and those with international cooperation,it is expected that the innovative breakthroughs will be realized, leapfrog development of related high-tech will be achieved to establish the important strategic status of space science in national development. To sum up, the implementation of the Strategic Priority Program on Space Science will definitely promote the rapid development of China's space science endeavor, making contributions to China's development and the progress of human civilization.      

空间太赫兹亚毫米波载荷初探

太赫兹频段在空间研究及应用领域具有独特的优势。太赫兹频段的科学载荷及气象载荷可以为探测空间信息及地球大气信息提供全新的视角;天基太赫兹预警雷达可以为航天器自身安全及弹道目标中段探测提供有力工具;太赫兹波段的通信链路具有带宽大的显著优势,以太赫兹链路为基础的空间网络具有良好的生存能力;太赫兹测控通信链路也是突破高速飞行器黑障问题的有效解决方案。     

World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet: ISSIS,the imaging instrument

The Imaging and Slitless Spectroscopy Instrument (ISSIS) will be flown as part of the science instrumentation in the World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet (WSO-UV). ISSIS will be the first UV imager to operate in a high Earth orbit from a 2 m class space telescope. In this contribution, the science driving the ISSIS design and the main characteristics of this instrument are presented.     

俄月球-全球等探测任务中的无线电科学试验

俄罗斯航天局正在规划和推进新的月球探测计划,包括月球-资源和月球-全球探测任务,它们搭载了3个无线电科学载荷:2个无线电信标机分别安装在2个着陆器上,1个Ka波段接收机安装在月球-全球轨道器上。信标机发射频率为8.4GHz和32GHz。8.4GHz的微波信号将被发回地球,利用地面VLBI监测网对信号进行测量,其结果可用于精密的天体力学观测及导航,还能用于月球天平动研究;32GHz信号将用于定轨和月球重力场研究。Ka波段信号天线轴指向着陆区天顶方向,信号由轨道器接收。本文基于对Ka波段信号多普勒频移的精确测量,通过研究着陆区附近重力场的微小变化(约3~5mGal精度),探讨月球重力场的不均匀性,其测量数据的空间分辨率约为20km。     

The classical Laplace plane as a stable disposal orbit for geostationary satellites

The classical Laplace plane is a frozen orbit, or equilibrium solution for the averaged dynamics arising from Earth oblateness and lunisolar gravitational perturbations. The pole of the orbital plane of uncontrolled GEO satellites regress around the pole of the Laplace plane at nearly constant inclination and rate. In accordance with Friesen et al. (1993), we show how this stable plane can be used as a robust long-term disposal orbit. The current graveyard regions for end-of-life retirement of GEO payloads, which is several hundred kilometers above GEO depending on the spacecraft characteristics, cannot contain the newly discovered high area-to-mass ratio debris population. Such objects are highly susceptible to the effects of solar radiation pressure exhibiting dramatic variations in eccentricity and inclination over short periods of time. The Laplace plane graveyard, on the contrary, would trap this debris and would not allow these objects to rain down through GEO. Since placing a satellite in this inclined orbit can be expensive, we discuss some alternative disposal schemes that have acceptable cost-to-benefit ratios.     

Active space debris charging for contactless electrostatic disposal maneuvers

The remote charging of a passive object using an electron beam enables touchless re-orbiting of large space debris from geosynchronous orbit (GEO) using electrostatic forces. The advantage of this method is that it can operate with a separation distance of multiple craft radii, thus reducing the risk of collision. The charging of the tug–debris system to high potentials is achieved by active charge transfer using a directed electron beam. Optimal potential distributions using isolated- and coupled-sphere models are discussed. A simple charging model takes into account the primary electron beam current, ultra-violet radiation induced photoelectron emission, collection of plasma particles, secondary electron emission and the recapture of emitted particles. The results show that through active charging in a GEO space environment high potentials can be both achieved and maintained with about a 75% transfer efficiency. Further, the maximum electrostatic tractor force is shown to be insensitive to beam current levels. This latter later result is important when considering debris with unknown properties.